1943 - Generalissimo Tchang Kaï-shek becomes President of the Chinese Republic. 1938 - The German army occupies the entire territory of the Sudetenland, in Czechoslovakia. 1913 - The opening of the Panama Canal, which connects the Atlantic to the Pacific , is completed. 1911 - The nationalist movement of Sun Yat-sen overthrows the Manchu dynasty in China.
1960: Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev creates a sensation in the UN General Assembly, drumming on his desk with his shoe. 1945: The Allied Control Council orders the dissolution of the Nazi Party in Germany. 1942: Victory of the Americans on the Japanese at Guadalcanal in the Pacific.
1981: Egyptian President Anwar Sadat is assassinated during a military parade by an Islamist commando. Vice-President Hosni Mubarak succeeded him on October 14, 1973: Yom Kippur War: Egypt and Syria attack Israel. 1937: League of Nations condemns Japanese aggression in China.
Among the great civilizations that have marked history, ancient Greece remains one of the most remarkable. In art, politics, literature, philosophy or science, his heritage still influences our world. Greek civilization invented almost everything, starting with democracy. Yet it was at the rate of wars that the Greek cities lived.
1830: Entrenched in Saint-Cloud since July 29 when a new regime is put in place with a provisional government made up of five members to which is added La Fayette at the head of the National Guard, Charles X is forced into the ; abdication. 1492: The Genoese navigator Christopher Columbus leaves the port of Palos (Andalusia) in the hope of reaching the East Indies from the west.
The kings of France are inseparable from the history of our country. Originally feudal, becoming absolute and then constitutional, the monarchy in France has indeed experienced exceptional longevity and relative continuity. Its hereditary and sacred character made the king in France the central figure in political life and the pivot of society.
A legacy of the Second World War, the Cold War will oppose for more than four decades two irreconcilable worlds, the Western camp and the Soviet camp, in a confrontation barely tempered by the threat of nuclear weapons. As a balance of atomic terror takes hold, the rivalry between the two blocs will shift to peripheral conflicts on all continents.
1989: 40th anniversary of the GDR, marked by a visit by Mr. Gorbachev and demonstrations in East Berlin, then in Leipzig. 1970: Publication of the first volume of & 34; Memories of hope & 34; du Général de Gaulle. 1959: First photograph of the far side of the Moon taken by the Soviet satellite & 34; Lunik III & 34 ;.
Short biography - Guy de Maupassant, prolific French writer despite his short existence was also a literary journalist, left us six novels and nearly three hundred short stories, in a style that mixes realism and fantasy. Published from 1880 to 1891, these works mainly describe social and rural settings.
1971: Launch of the Soviet probe Luna 19 towards the moon. 1918: The Allies make a decisive breakthrough in the Hindenburg line. 1833: Carlist uprising in Spain. 1650: In France, the Parliament imposes the Peace of Bordeaux, which puts end at the second Fronde. 1066: William the Conqueror invades England, of which he claims the throne.
The Seven Years' War (1756-1763) is a conflict between Prussia, Great Britain and Hanover, in a coalition bringing together Austria, Saxony, France, Russia, Sweden and Spain . France, which had fought "for the King of Prussia" during the War of the Austrian Succession, which ended in 1748, resumes arms against England, a great maritime power.
Closely linked to Arthurian legend, Merlin the Enchanter is a central figure in Celtic mythology and folklore, whose character has been the subject of intense and prolific literature from the Middle Ages to the present day. Having become the "enchanting" father with the pointed hat in the guise of Walt Disney, he appears in medieval stories both as a Christ prophet bringing the creation of the Round Table and the Grail Quest as an obscure character, an antichrist, son of a demon and a virgin and considered a savage living in communion with nature and animals.
From the Thirty Years' War to the War of Devolution to the Fronde, Marshal de Turenne made his mark on many battlefields of the 17th century. Along with Condé and Vauban, the Vicomte de Turenne largely contributed to the military successes of France during the “Grand Siècle”. Without his precious marshals, Louis XIV’s reign would probably not have been so successful.
Pompey (Cnaeus Pompeius Magnus) was a general and politician of the Roman Republic during antiquity. At a young age, Pompey achieved important military victories and won the title of Magnus, which means "very great." In 60 BC, he formed a triumvirate with Julius Caesar and Crassus, an alliance which strengthened his influence.
Short biography - Louis-Sébastien Mercier, who called himself "the greatest deliverer in France" can be considered the great reporter of the 18th century. Poet, journalist, writer, he lived under several political regimes ranging from the monarchy, to the Empire, including the Constituent, the Convention and the Directory.
From November 9, 2010 to February 11, 2011, an exhibition dedicated to the most famous of prisons is being held at the Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal (Paris 4th arrondissement), entitled “The Bastille or the hell of the living”. The history of the establishment, from the reign of Louis XIV (1643) to the French revolution (1789) through numerous testimonies of history.
The Vichy regime is the name given to the political regime installed in Vichy which took the official name of French state and ruled France during the Second World War, from July 10, 1940 to August 1944. Led by Marshal Pétain, the Vichy government accepts defeat against the German armies and launches a policy of collaboration with the Nazis.
1792: The Legislative Assembly passes a law that authorizes divorce. From Year VII (late 1798 and 1799), one in three marriages is dissolved in Paris. 1792: Battle of Valmy: The French army led by Generals Dumouriez and Kellermann wins against the Prussians of Duke of Brunswick.
The Panama Canal, which crosses the country of the same name, connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and connects the two oceans without having to bypass South America. Although the first construction projects date back to Charles V, it was in 1880 that Ferdinand de Lesseps, building on the success of the Suez Canal, developed the first serious project for an interoceanic canal in the Isthmus of Panama.
Premier of Louis XIII's ministers from 1624 to 1642, Cardinal Richelieu occupies an eminent place in the pantheon of great French statesmen. He will have chaired, alongside the king with whom he will form a memorable political duo, the great return of France on the international scene after the bloodletting of the Wars of Religion.
